• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a device for compressing a gaseous or liquid fluid comprising a compressor (11) with an inlet (14) for the fluid to be compressed, an outlet (16) for the compressed fluid and a means for compressing (18) said fluid. carried by a compressor shaft (20) and housed between the inlet and the outlet, and an electric machine (24) comprising a stator (26) carrying magnetic flux generators (36) and a rotor (22) fixed in rotation with the compressor shaft (20). According to the invention, the stator (26) comprises a multiplicity of radial passages (34) arranged circumferentially along said stator and comprising fluid circulation galleries (38) placed opposite the inlet (14) of the compressor
    公开号:FR3048022A1
    申请号:FR1651352
    申请日:2016-02-19
    公开日:2017-08-25
    发明作者:Favre Luca；Davide Bettoni；Misa Milosavljevic；Berr Fabrice Le
    申请人:IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN；Mavel SRL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to an electrically assisted compression device for a working fluid, such as a liquid fluid or a gaseous fluid.
    It relates in particular to a device for compressing a gaseous fluid, in this case air, by a compressor, alone or in combination with a turbine to form a turbocharger, and then to send it to all devices and more particularly to the admission of a internal combustion engine.
    Indeed, as is widely known, the power delivered by an internal combustion engine is dependent on the amount of air introduced into the combustion chamber of the engine, amount of air which is itself proportional to the density of the engine. this air.
    Thus, it is usual to increase this amount of air by means of a compression of the outside air before it is admitted into this combustion chamber when a need for high power. This operation, called supercharging, can be carried out by any means, such as a single compressor driven electrically by an electric machine (electrified compressor), or by a compressor associated with a turbine and an electric machine to form an electrified turbocharger).
    In the two aforementioned cases, the electric machine associated with the compressor can be of two types. One of these types is an electric machine with a low air gap and windings close to the rotor which allows optimal guidance of the magnetic flux and optimized efficiency. This type of electric machine has the advantage of a certain compactness, which can sometimes become problematic for its cooling and which requires the use of a specific system to evacuate losses.
    In order not to be intrusive on the air intake of the compressor, this type of electric machine is conventionally positioned on the back of the centrifugal compressor in the case of an electrified compressor, or between the compressor and the turbine in the case of an electrified turbocharger, despite the presence of an adverse thermal environment in the latter because close to the turbine. Generally, the connection between the compressor, the turbine and the electric machine is rigid. This type of machine can also be positioned on the compressor side but at a distance relatively far from the air intake so as not to disturb the latter. The connection between the compressor and the machine is then rigid or made using a mechanical or magnetic coupling.
    This type of system is better described in patents US 2014/0373532, US 8,157,543, US 8,882,478, US 2010/0247342, US 6,449,950, US 7,360,361, EP 0 874 953 or EP 0 912 821. The other of these types is a electric machine with a high air gap (called "Air Gap" machine), whose air gap can sometimes be several centimeters in order to allow the working fluid to pass through this air gap, thus allowing integration into the nearest compression systems, in an environment much more favorable thermal.
    This arrangement of the electric machine nevertheless has the disadvantage of disturbing and limiting the passage of the magnetic flux between the rotor and the stator through the large air gap, which contributes to limiting the intrinsic efficiency of the electric machine as well as its specific performance (mass power and volume). The high losses on this type of concept also require the development of specific cooling to remove the calories from the rotor and the stator.
    This type of electrical machine is described in particular in patents EP 1 995 429, US 2013/169074 or US 2013/043745.
    The present invention proposes to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks with a device of simple and inexpensive design. For this purpose, the invention relates to a device for compressing a gaseous or liquid fluid comprising a compressor with an inlet of the fluid to be compressed, an outlet of the compressed fluid and a means for compressing said fluid carried by a compressor shaft and housed between the inlet and the outlet, and an electric machine comprising a stator carrying magnetic flux generators and a rotor fixed in rotation with the compressor shaft, characterized in that the stator comprises a multiplicity of radial passages arranged circumferentially along said stator and comprising fluid circulation galleries placed opposite the intake of the compressor.
    The fluid circulation galleries may extend radially in whole or in part opposite the intake of the compressor.
    The stator can be attached to the compressor inlet.
    The radial passages may carry the magnetic flux generators and the galleries may be delimited by radial webs, the stator bearing and the magnetic flux generators.
    The sails may have an axial direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stator.
    The sails may have an axial direction inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the stator.
    The sails may have a twist-shaped direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the stator.
    The stator of the machine can carry at least one aerodynamic appendage. The aerodynamic appendage may have an ogival shape. The aerodynamic appendage may be a conical deflector. The aerodynamic appendage may be a profiled rod.
    The sails may have, in longitudinal section, an aerodynamic profile.
    The other features and advantages of the invention will now appear on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of illustration and not limitation, and to which are appended: FIG. 1 which is a schematic axial view of the device of FIG. electrified compression according to the invention; - Figure 2 which is a schematic front view along the arrow A of the electric machine device of Figure 1; - Figures 3 and 4 show schematically details of the shape of the stator of the electric machine having an impact on the compression device of Figure 1; - Figure 5 which is a schematic partial side view along the arrow B of the electric machine device of Figure 2 integrated electrified compression device; FIGS. 6 and 7 schematically illustrate variants of FIG. 1; and FIGS. 8 to 10 are exemplary embodiments of another variant of the invention according to FIG.
    Figure 1 is an illustration of a power assisted compression device 10 for a working fluid, such as a liquid fluid or gaseous fluid.
    This device is in particular used as a compressor of a fluid controlled by an electric machine, and will be referred to in the following as an electrified compressor.
    The compressor 11, of the centrifugal compressor type with a paddle wheel, comprises a casing 12 with an inlet 14 of gaseous fluid, such as air or a mixture of air (which may contain exhaust gases), and an outlet 16 of compressed fluid.
    This housing houses a compression means in the form of a compressor wheel 18 placed between the inlet and the outlet and which is subjected to a rotational movement on a shaft 20.
    This shaft 20 is connected in rotation with a rotor 22 of an electric machine 24 placed opposite the inlet 14 and upstream of this inlet by considering the vein of gaseous fluid Fa flowing from the left to the right of the figure .
    As described below, the machine, which is used as a prime mover, has the particularity of having a configuration such that the gaseous fluid passes through the stator of this machine to be fed to the inlet 14 of the compressor.
    This machine is, only by way of example in the following description, a synchronous machine with a pair of poles.
    This in no way rules out any other electrical machine, such as synchronous machines with more than one pair of poles, asynchronous machines with wound rotor or squirrel cage and reluctance machines.
    In the example of Figure 1, the electric machine is placed on the inlet 14 by being fixed by any means known as screwing.
    Referring to Figure 2, this electric machine comprises the rotor 22 and a stator 26 which, in the mounted state, are nested one inside the other being coaxial while leaving the free rotor in rotation.
    The rotor 22, preferably magnetic, carries magnetic flux generators (not shown), mainly permanent magnets.
    The stator 26 advantageously comprises a stack of flat ferromagnetic sheets, here by way of example which are interconnected by any known means and comprises a peripheral yoke 28 and a recessed central portion delimited by a tubular bearing 30 inside. which is housed the rotor.
    The yoke of the stator is connected to the tubular bearing by a multiplicity of radial webs 32 distributed circumferentially regularly, here 12 sails distributed every 30 °, which delimit between them radial passages 34 of substantially triangular shape with the tip of the triangle directed towards the bearing . These passages extend radially from the lower edge of the annular yoke 28 to the outer edge of the bearing 30 and extend axially throughout the stator 26.
    For reasons of simplification in the rest of the description, the sails are referred to as stator teeth.
    As illustrated in FIG. 2, the stator comprises magnetic flux generators, here armature windings 36, preferably liquid-tight, in particular cooling coils, which can circulate inside the stator, which are housed in the passages 34 and more precisely in the vicinity of the inner edge of the annular bolt 28.
    The stator teeth 32 of great length and can distance the windings of the bearing. In addition, these teeth allow the guide, to the rotor, the magnetic flux generated by the windings which are remote from this rotor.
    The axial galleries 38 thus formed between the windings, the outer edge of the bearing and the stator teeth then form a grid 39, said stator grid, allowing to pass through it a fluid, such as a gaseous or liquid fluid.
    This makes it possible to ensure integration into the fluidic vein Fa of the electrical machine and / or its cooling as well as optimized positioning in a given system constrained by the space requirement and / or the thermal environment.
    In addition, and compared to an electric machine with a large air gap, the magnetic characteristics of this machine can limit the amount of active material for a given level of performance.
    As illustrated in Figure 3, the teeth 32 constituting the stator grid 39 may have an axial direction substantially parallel to the fluid passing through it, that is to say substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stator, in order to influence as little as possible the direction of this fluid.
    This axial direction can also be inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stator or be a complex aerodynamic shape, such as a spiral shape as illustrated in FIG. 4, which makes it possible to apply a specific aerodynamic movement to the fluid passing through it. . The pre-rotation of the fluid will improve the performance of the compressor, especially near the pumping area of the compressor map.
    These teeth can also have an aerodynamic profile or be associated with specific aerodynamic appendages to minimize the pressure drops associated with the passage of the fluid passing through the grid, such as a sectional shape of a drop of water or an airplane wing. , including in particular a leading edge, upstream of the gate with respect to the flow, and a trailing edge, downstream of the gate with respect to this flow.
    From the point of view of the cooling of the electric machine, the stator grid provides a very high exchange surface at the stator allowing the use of a simplified cooling system compared with a conventional electric machine having similar performance, or potentially to increase the current density in the stator thanks to this optimized cooling, and thus to increase its specific performances.
    Thus, the electric machine is mounted on the inlet 14 of the compressor in such a way that all or part of the radial extent of the galleries are opposite this inlet (see FIG. 2).
    As best shown in Figure 1, the assembly formed by the rotor 22 of the electric drive machine and the shaft 20 of the wheel 18 of the compressor is carried by two bearings 40a and 40b placed at the ends of this assembly.
    Due to its positioning relative to the compressor, the electric machine is placed in a thermally favorable environment, and is naturally cooled by the fluid that passes through it. This allows control of design costs, especially in connection with the cooling system.
    In addition, the electric machine can be easily integrated closer to the compressor, to obtain a compact electrified compression system. Since this integration is carried out in a thermally favorable environment, it makes it possible to use any type of electric machine technology, such as synchronous machines with permanent magnets, and in particular very high efficiency technologies that are generally very sensitive to the thermal environment.
    In addition, at equal power of operation, the dynamic behavior of the electrified compressor as a whole is improved compared to an electrified compressor with a high-gap electric machine due to a lower rotor weight, which makes it possible in particular to increase the rotation regimes.
    Finally, it is possible to be able to direct / change the direction of the air flow upstream of the compressor wheel, in order to optimize the behavior of the latter.
    In operation, the electric machine is powered in such a manner that its rotor 22 is rotated.
    This rotation is transmitted to the shaft 20, which is connected to the rotor, causing the rotation of the compressor wheel 18.
    The rotation of this wheel causes the suction of the fluid of the vein Fa through the stator 26 and more particularly through the stator grid and galleries 38 thereof. The sucked air then arrives at the inlet 14 and enters the compressor. Under the action of the wheel, this air is compressed and is then discharged, in compressed form, through the outlet 16 to all devices, such as the admission of an internal combustion engine.
    Of course, this compressor may be of any other type, such as a radial or axial piston compressor, screw or pallet, the essential resides in the fact that the rotor is rotated by the electric machine as described above and that the compression fluid passes through the stator of the electric machine beforehand.
    Advantageously, one or more aerodynamic appendages is placed on at least one of the two ends of the electrical machine to limit disturbances in the flow of the working fluid related to the presence of the rotor of the electric machine and the stator grid. while presenting no obstacle for the cooling of this machine
    As best illustrated in FIG. 5, the aerodynamic appendage, here represented in the form of a nose 42, is placed on the face of the stator or in connection with the rotor facing the fluid stream Fa while covering the end. of the rotor present in the bearing 30.
    Another aerodynamic appendage, in the form of a conical deflector 43, is placed on the other face of the stator or in connection with the rotor by surrounding the rotor 22 and / or the wheel shaft 20.
    Likewise, aerodynamic appendages (not shown), such as profiled rods, can be placed on the radial edges of the veils facing the fluid vein (leading edges) in order to channel the fluid to the stator inlet and / or on the radial edges of these sails facing the compressor (trailing edges) to limit the turbulence of the fluid leaving this stator.
    Referring to FIG. 6, the electric machine is here facing the inlet 14 of the compressor 11 but at a distance from it so that the one 40a of bearings supporting the rotor assembly 22 / shaft 20, can be housed in the gap thus created, the other 40b of the bearings being placed on the free end of the rotor 22.
    Similarly, Figure 7 illustrates a configuration in which the electric machine 24 is opposite the inlet 14 but at a distance therefrom. In this configuration a single bearing 40a supports the rotor assembly 22 / shaft 20 and is placed in the gap between the machine and the inlet. The example of the variant of Figure 8 illustrates a device 10 for compressing a fluid, gaseous or liquid, which is associated with an expansion device 44. The assembly thus formed is better known as a turbocharger. 46.
    As for FIG. 1, the compression device 10 comprises a compressor 11 and an electric machine 24 whose rotor 22 is connected to the shaft 20 of the compressor wheel 18.
    The expansion device comprises a turbine 48 with a casing 50 carrying an inlet 52 of compressed hot air, such as the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, and an outlet 54 of expanded air. A turbine wheel 56, here a finned wheel, is placed in the housing between the inlet and the outlet and is carried by a turbine wheel shaft 58. This shaft is rotatably connected with the assembly formed by the rotor 22 of the electric machine and the compressor wheel shaft 20.
    The rotor 22, the compressor wheel shaft 20 and the turbine wheel shaft thus form a one-piece assembly which is supported by a bearing 40a of arrangement similar to that of FIG. 7.
    In the variant of Figure 9, another bearing 40b is placed on the free end of the rotor 22 of the electric machine that faces the fluid stream.
    For the variant of Figure 10, the electric machine 24 is opposite the inlet 14 but at a distance therefrom and another bearing 40b is placed in the gap between the machine and the inlet.
    For the examples illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 10, it is thus possible to drive the compressor by the turbine alone, the electric machine then being able to provide a function of generator of current under the effect of the rotation of the rotor 22 if the power supplied by the turbine is greater than the power required to operate the compressor.
    It is also possible to drive the compressor by the turbine and the electric machine used as an electric motor, which increases the compression performance of the turbocharger, that is to say increase the compression ratio for a given rate of expansion and promote the activation and the revving of the compressor (reduction of the response time of the turbocharger).
    It should be noted that a surface treatment of the stator and the rotor makes this machine compatible with the intake of a corrosive fluid, such as the exhaust gases of an engine that can be mixed with air.
    In addition, this type of machine can be integrated quite simply on an existing turbocharger system without requiring extensive modifications of the original system.
    In this type of architecture, the rotor of the electrical machine can in particular ensure the function of the compressor side clamping nut.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1) Device for compressing a gaseous or liquid fluid comprising a compressor (11) with an inlet (14) of the fluid to be compressed, an outlet (16) of the compressed fluid and a compression means (18) of said fluid carried by a compressor shaft (20) and housed between the inlet and the outlet, and an electric machine (24) comprising a stator (26) carrying magnetic flux generators (36) and a rotor (22) fixed in rotation with the compressor shaft (20), characterized in that the stator (26) comprises a multiplicity of radial passages (34) arranged circumferentially along said stator and comprising fluid circulation galleries (38) placed opposite the admission (14) of the compressor.
    [0002]
    2) A compression device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid flow galleries (38) extend radially in whole or in part facing the inlet (14) of the compressor.
    [0003]
    3) Compression device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stator (26) is fixed on the inlet (14) of the compressor.
    [0004]
    4) A compression device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial passages carry the magnetic flux generators (36) and in that the galleries (38) are delimited by radial webs (32), a bearing stator (30) and magnetic flux generators (36).
    [0005]
    5) A compression device according to claim 4, characterized in that the webs (32) have an axial direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stator (26).
    [0006]
    6) A compression device according to claim 4, characterized in that the webs (32) have an axial direction inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the stator (26).
    [0007]
    7) A compression device according to claim 4, characterized in that the webs (32) have a direction in the form of a twist relative to the longitudinal axis of the stator (26).
    [0008]
    8) Compression device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stator (26) of the machine carries at least one aerodynamic appendix (42, 43).
    [0009]
    9) A compression device according to claim 8, characterized in that the aerodynamic appendage has an ogive shape (42).
    [0010]
    10) A compression device according to claim 8, characterized in that the aerodynamic appendage is a conical deflector (43).
    [0011]
    11) A compression device according to claim 8, characterized in that the aerodynamic appendage is a profiled rod.
    [0012]
    12) A compression device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the webs (26) have, in longitudinal section, an aerodynamic profile.
    [0013]
    13) Turbocharger with a compression device (10) and an expansion device (44), characterized in that it comprises a compression device according to one of the preceding claims.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3048022B1|2019-10-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5266859A|1991-10-09|1993-11-30|General Electric Company|Skewing of pole laminations of a switched reluctance machine to reduce acoustic noise|
    EP1416123A2|2002-10-29|2004-05-06|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|Vortex inlet vanes|
    EP2072824A2|2007-12-20|2009-06-24|SycoTec GmbH & Co. KG|Electric motor or generator|
    DE102014210451A1|2014-06-03|2015-12-03|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Turbocharger with electric machine|FR3071369A1|2017-09-18|2019-03-22|IFP Energies Nouvelles|ELECTRIC MACHINE COMPRISING A STATOR HAVING AN INTERNAL TUBULAR SLEEVE|
    WO2019158330A1|2018-02-16|2019-08-22|IFP Energies Nouvelles|Electric machine having a stator grating comprising aerodynamic appendages|
    WO2019170490A1|2018-03-08|2019-09-12|IFP Energies Nouvelles|Dual-flux electric machine|
    WO2019219268A1|2018-05-15|2019-11-21|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Electric prime mover for a compressor and/or a turbine|
    FR3092449A1|2019-02-04|2020-08-07|IFP Energies Nouvelles|Device for compressing a fluid driven by an electric machine with a compression shaft passing through the rotor|
    FR3092448A1|2019-02-04|2020-08-07|IFP Energies Nouvelles|Device for compressing a fluid driven by an electric machine with a rotor equipped with a solid cylindrical magnet|
    FR3101208A1|2019-09-23|2021-03-26|IFP Energies Nouvelles|Hybrid transient magnet rotor|
    法律状态:
    2017-02-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-08-25| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170825 |
    2018-02-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-02-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-02-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-10-09| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES, FR Effective date: 20200902 |
    2021-02-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2022-02-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1651352|2016-02-19|
    FR1651352A|FR3048022B1|2016-02-19|2016-02-19|COMPRESSOR DEVICE WITH ELECTRICAL ASSISTANCE OF A WORKING FLUID, SUCH AS A LIQUID FLUID OR A GASEOUS FLUID, AND A TURBOCHARGER INCLUDING SUCH A COMPRESSION DEVICE.|FR1651352A| FR3048022B1|2016-02-19|2016-02-19|COMPRESSOR DEVICE WITH ELECTRICAL ASSISTANCE OF A WORKING FLUID, SUCH AS A LIQUID FLUID OR A GASEOUS FLUID, AND A TURBOCHARGER INCLUDING SUCH A COMPRESSION DEVICE.|
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